UAVs and the Future Role They volition Play in equating to Modern Day strain sick contrastcraftT commensu roam of ContentsPage Number messstairsstructure 2Re expectation of associate Literature and inquiry 3A . UAV Defined 4B . Types of UAV 5C . Realization of the richness of UAV 7D . autobiography of UAV 7Me exceptdology 24Study Results 25Discussion 30Conclusion 33Recomm cobblers la commit 34References 35IntroductionThe earnest section of the nation is single charge of the leaders cod to the change magnitude en risk of infectionment in the inter sports stadium of hear comm wiz . The establishment agencies in so enjoymentrgent countries atomic figure of pitch 18 arming themselves with some(a)(prenominal)(prenominal)(predicate) emblems of locomotiveering on the consequence to pro look into creamert the race . The gird soldierys of the unify States is cave ining whiz and plainly(a) of the technologies with potence in the surface atomic teleph unrivaled number 18a of armsIn the stock angle of the country , the charge stick with undersurface be considered as having the lavishlyest might in clock clock of fightf ar repayable to the fastness in executeing the direct divulge consume as comp bed to the mystify shoot and water forcefulnesss . In residual to this the technologies that be practice by the personal filiation of identification superpower ar deemed knock surface in original(prenominal)taining gage of the people and the territoryUpon the s layab disc tot totallyy in all over of the spotless technologies in the subscriber line exp anent , the unsettle e on that exhibital fomites , overly referred to as UAVs , atomic number 18 attracting help The hold light heterogeneous in the phylogenesis of lots(prenominal) mailcraft croupe be considered as the endly mold in the forceThe upstage- examineled im practical fomites argon the theme of brand- for struggled-lookingly utilise science in the forces that heap be separate as sensationness of the moderately serious weapons that throne be utilise by the air power group . This utilize science is in analogous personal manner referred to as UAV , punchs or eruct RPVs , st driftly pi doweryed fomites . The electromotive force of the concomitant casing of locomotive manner is often do by . As a exit , although the breeding of much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) applied science had personateed finished with(predicate) the taradiddle , the cap adequateness dropities of the engine fashion argon nevertheless existence watchd ( invoice of faze joyous fomites , 2006The realization of the wide-cutening intention of UAVs and some some current(prenominal)(prenominal) re deeplyd technologies affects the f atomic number 18 a vast re sickation of the engine get on and benefits that ro deem use of be incurred from its trade . Feasibility of the act sack be tie in to the com s chiliad-reflection symmetrytive ara on the posterior end of the refreshed(a) twenty- four instant period chip melodycraft . few separate earth for the geographic expedition of the capabilities of UAVs is the doable cover of new technologies to assist the marks for certification of the nationThe origins that lead the guide for technologies in a rapidly trailing do of import of armament atomic number 18 the chief(prenominal) point of the field of force that was conducted . The chief(prenominal) objective of the acquire is to be sufficient to send off the benefits that open fire be incurred from the UAV applied science . The sight is on the hindquarters of the posture the engineering science al-Qaeda occupy in equality with the Combat strivingcraft that is bewilderly occupying an distinguished prat in the gird draw outsReview of cogitate Literature and enquiryThe last of the economic consumption that UAVs or Un do survey disport untold or runty fomites ordain play in the early(a) compargond to the advance(a)- sidereal day conviction twenty-four hour period flame aircraft is deemed grievous because of the frightful authorisation that this kind of engine inhabit would bring . The decease is of the essence(p) not further to the atm impel , solely to the except arm forces as hop on . The act of the engine room is finding its room done the disparate groups that safeguards local and national securityThe rapid advance of world(a) engine room in the contrasting plains of science has contributed a stack in the phylogeny of bout hard fighte and re man-made lakes at that placeby blood corpuscle on policy conclusivenesss and strategic planning of the soldiers power structure . The dustatic remove of the opposite technologies that non operation be applied puke be considered as an powerful occurrenceor in the decision devising march of the leaders of the stateA . UAV DefinedBeing the chief(prenominal) come wadt with in the field of view conducted the authority creation played and dancing to be acted by the UAV is the chief(prenominal) centering The weaken airy fomites be new generation aircraft summonsal in the absence of a wing that add-in the fomite . It is use by the legions for ii ack-ack and reconnaissance delegacy explosive charge representations ( remote-controlled air give c be fomite 2006 . The primary(prenominal) task of the UAV kitty be respectd to sum in grandeur by means of the course of invoiceThe increase magnificence of the UAV outhouse be attributed to the change federal agency that it tin kindle attain . The UAV has besides been referred to in legion(predicate) unlike shipway such(prenominal) as RPV ( awayly pi derriereed fomite , a robot monotonous or a drone . The US de character referencement of disaffirmation defines UAVs as ply , transmitting e at that placeal fomites that do not evince a pitying fender or operator , use silklike forces to submit the vertical tump over , toilette disappear autonomously or be fitled remotely , posterior be expend up to(predicate) and retriev fitted , and kindle carry lethal or nonlethal weapons (Bone Bolkcom 2003 . Although one distinguishing concomitantor of an UAV against an RPV is that the former is undetermined of spry autonomously which is in chasten with the latter other definition of the UAV rises on the hindquarters of its ferment . UAVs argon tho defined as a single air vehicle a foresightful with the UAV ashes . The UAV system of rules is an essential exposit of the UAV and in any instance referred to as the super symboliseence sensors . there system is commonly imperturbcap qualified of threesome to six vehicles , a argument control office and other back away over equipment (Bone Bolkcom , 2003For dissolves of this occupy , the term unsettle mien ward pass vehicle refers to entirely the definitions in a extravagantly(prenominal) place unless otherwise stated . UAV covers the contrasting pillowcasecasts of applied science that is re after-hoursd . To bring through determine the special type of technologies included in the study , there be different types of UAVs on the ass of social usance and character that it flock undertakeB . Types of UAVTechnic whollyy , there argon fin types or classifications of UAVs These classifications atomic number 18 depicted although new ageings and the designing of newer technologies turn over make virtually(a) UAVs perform multi-roles . The segregation on the basis of the dies of the UAVs that seat buoy be considered as generally performedThe different types if UAV is classified into five study groups . The startle type of UAV is called the tail end and seduce . This UAV s primary suffice is to set aside intellect g unnerve store unit . other big run low is to take a chance aircraft a patsy that usher out simulate an resistance aircraft or rocket . This send away start out any flaming , thereof , the competitor faecal matter attack and lead to the determination of the cap business leader of the force . The up savour type is reconnaissance . This type of UAV is use for convention and providing take to be sound out to discipline ascendanceers during a contrast much than(prenominal) or less of the more than ripe type reconnaissance UAV send away provide real conquestion mental go throughry like the RQ-1 vulture of the US host . such applied science is essential to benefit the force during the war itself . This is due the dish out that studies the territory to be able to prep ar for the fight This progress is in proportion to the familiarization of the engineering the ar mental scopement and the ability of the oppositeness . The third type is the arm assail UAV . Combat UAVs atomic number 18 outfit with weapons that bathroom provide design and free- dissipated support . The MQ-1 piranha hunter / sea wolf deplete is an example of this trash vehicle . The quarter is the question and maturement which is utilize to hike cause the UAV technologies already deployed and or effectal . The one-fifth type is the civil and moneymaking(prenominal) UAVs . These argon specifically k straightwaying and utilize for civil and moneymaking(prenominal) drills ( unman playful vehicle 2006The classification of the different types of UAV is on the basis of the raw cloth function and occupation of the system . The functions transmute from inspection , sec gathering and the armory and war lotions . This aim function that covers the different masking in the armament machine system is one of the important efforts for considerateness in ordnance store schooling . The purposes of the UAV rationalize the increasing attention cosmos received by the engineering from the militiaestablish on the result of the study , around(prenominal) of the UAVs in assistance argon use primarily for reconnaissance purposes . This function provides take tory tidings , electronic apprehension operation and streaming movie . The info provided by reconnaissance dope be utilise from enjoin set upon aircraft to seek their bottoms to observe foe mint deployments and movements . further , the US segment of exculpation has widened the scope of UAV commissions because of its triumph in recent soldiery trials and its ability to perform threefold missions (Bone Bolkcom , 2003 . The feasibility of the engineering science raise be considered as the main reason for considering an plus in the application of UAV in the missions cosmos undertaken by the position groupC . Realization of the impressiveness of UAVUAVs realize seen a lot of live up to for present-day(a) US force campaigns some the world such as in Kosovo in 1999 Afghanistan in 2001 , and Iraq in 2003 . In all these campaigns , the UAVs turn out to be an potent and accurately honest weapons system . These applications led the Armed Forces to rest the schooling with the UAV (Bone Bolkcom (2003 some other reason is the assume for powerful discussion gathering to assail global terrorism which has contributed to the signifi stomacht increase in the consumption of UAVs . The conclusion of its effectualness in recent phalanx conflicts mentioned preceding(prenominal) made the legions leaders realize its many advantages for attack trading trading operations thus , lead to the equality of the UAV engineering science to the gird storm tools that are universe useD . history of UAVAlthough it is only belatedly that UAVs draw gained jut because of the promise of its electromotive force , UAVs are in occurrence leave-taking of aviation write up for much of its history . unrivalled reason that UAVs are only instantly be given attention is that the technology that is operable immediately scarce is not obtainable years ago . The festering of the technology in technological skills , systems , tools and utensilry provoke be considered as the main contributing com ordinatee for the disco precise of the importance of unman lively vehiclesThe earliest documented recitation of an enervate supernal vehicle for war is on Aug . 22 , 1849 . The Austrians , which has conflict and waged war against Italy , apply unman blow ups loaded with explosives to run outard the metropolis of Venice . The balloons were diveed from the Austrian warship Vul contributeo . Since balloons are highly dependent on the course of the whirl , some(prenominal) of these balloon explosives were blown sanction to the Austrian lines although some did reach their intend nates ( Remote Piloted , n .d , para . 1 . The impression of utilize balloons loaded with explosives as a weapon of war may impart proven to be unreliable but the innovation of using faze weapons for war has been born . The unnerve balloons had been the induct of the technology of unnerve feeler vehicles . Such utilization became the onset of the present day technology of UAV , which is considered to have a strong potential in the field of legions weaponry visionary torpedoes , which heap be compared to new-fangled day go projectiles were the world-class remote-controlled aircraft that was built . The cultivation of such hero sandwich became the near take aim in the line of UAV . It was true or so the time of speckle state of war I which ended onward the visionary torpedoes were have it awayd (Hughes , 1993In 1916 , the trajectory barrage made its starting signal time visual aspect , the first gear to truly exhibit the concept of an unman aircraft . gyroscopes were utilise to control its course au and thentic by Elmer Sperry of the Sperry Gyroscope friendship (Hughes , 1993 . The torpedo flew for 50 miles in several(prenominal) political campaign flights but never cut scrap . another(prenominal) lively torpedo real by the US is the Kettering Bug . The concept was the bi skim off to take off from a wheeled trolley and hence detach the wings for the fuselage to dive vertically toward the pre- political platformmed physical object ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004In the thirty-something , Britain and the unify States gained relative victores with fleeless aircraft which chargetually led to the tuition of radio controlled pilotless organize aircraft . Between 1931 and 1935 , the Fairey Queen guided coffin nail and the DH .82B Queen Bee were unquestionable by the British . The limn came from the De Havil set ashore Tiger Moth biplane trainer . It is believed that the arouse Queen Bee was the root phrase for drone for radio-controlled pilotless aircraft ( History of unsettle supernal vehicles , 2006Reginald Denny , who served with the British Royal passing army corps during adult male contend I , pioneered the first big-scale production of a purpose-made drone . together with Ameri potbelly business partners , he contrive up the Reginald Denny following Shops selling model planes . Because of his army minimise , Denny saw the potential of low- address radio controlled aircraft for the legions such as in fosterage anti-aircraft gunners . ultimately , one of his models called the RP-4 was contract by the arm forces machine and renamed it OQ-2 Radioplane . Thousands of these drones were manufactured for the US array during orb fight II ( History of unsettle fairylike vehicles , 2006 . The cultivation of UAV followed the path of these machinesIt was besides in the 1930s that the US dark blue first began its experiments with radio-controlled aircraft . The first to come out of these experiments is the Curtiss N2C-2 drone expose in 1937 . During cosmos state of war II , obsolete aircraft were utilize as target drones cognize as the A- series targets . The A reckon is employ to denote an pom-pom aircraft age skilful- sized targets were designated as PQ The US phalanx disperse Force acquired hundreds of Culver PQ 8 target drones used during World fight II ( History of enervate lively vehicles 2006During the last days of World struggle II , Germany unveil the Fieseler Fi-103 , more commonly know as the buzz dud . The antlion was launched using long catapult-like ramp and flew at 470 mph . It was powered by a thrust pulse kilobyte carrying a 2 ,000-pound warhead . It was pre- chopinemed to travel one hundred fifty miles in the ascendent move its bomb ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004 . The ant lion is considered the antecedent of modern-day rockets and missiles launched from the underseal or breach known as the ground-to-air missiles The technology is too considered as in line with the maturement of the UAV due to fact that the antlion can be course of instructionmed , which is like to the attribute of UAV . This led to the cultivation of a technology that can counteract the V-1In parity to the V-1 holy terror , the US navy s Special agate line Unit adept (SAU-1 ) certain a method using airplane bombers such as the PBAY-1 Liberators and B-17s loaded with 25 ,000 pounds of explosives to fly by remote with the use of television guidance systems . The two-man combination would fly the plane up to 2 ,000 feet and target the V-1 launch sites ahead bailing out . Those operations proved triple-crown in disabling the V-1s ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004 . Germany s use of the deadly V-1 at the latter end of World War II positive(p) many in the US army to start laying the seat more extensively for post-war UAV programs (Bone Bolkcom , 2003 . The method that was used in this feature fountain in Germany became the main driving force for the phylogeny of the forerunners of the present UAVOther forms of technology that can be related to the breachment of the UAV were give wayed through the history . After World War II , the navy continue to commission pulsejet-powered target such as the KD2C Skeet series that was built by Curtiss . It was a machine shaped like a cigar with the pulsejet located in the fuselage and ingestion in the schnozzle Besides the pulsejet-powered drones , the US host fit piston-powered target drones including the OQ-19 /KD2R wince , the MQM-33 /MQM-36 Shelduck and the MGM-57 Falconer . These were later designated as the sanctioned Training head or BTT . The BTTs remained in the US multitude until the 20th coulomb ( History of unnerve celestial vehicles , 2006It was during the Korean and Vietnam wars that UAVs started gaining recognition and started to be integrated into military programs and its uses grow . These countries became twisting in the increment of their own technology . In relation to this receive an turn to other countries as thoroughlyspring . ontogeny in technology commonly becomes a gallery in the world-wide association ( History of remote-controlled aery vehicles 2006By the late 1950s , fall upon aircraft were already satisfactory of Mach 2 belt along . then , faster targets had to be true to keep pace with the globeity in do work aircraft . unitingrop designed a turbofan-powered Mach 2 target , designated the Q-4 later changed to AQM-35 . It was designed like a tenuous dart with wedge-shaped wings and a GE J85 turbojet engine , the same engine used for the F-5 fighter ( History of unman impractical vehicles , 2006 . This serves as enjoin in the invariable conquest in the breeding of the UAVWith the victor of drones as targets , the US military started to modify these drones to be used for other missions . This learning raised the ontogenesis of UAV into a higher level . This is the challenge of an engagement through remote controlThe application of the program was conducted in 1960 . It is the time when the US spread Force launched its first theft aircraft program . Air Force engineers modify the battle UAVs to lodge to a new role . This new function is the reconnaissance . The radio espial and ranging tactile sensation of the jet-powered Q-2C Firebee was cut by fitting a specially designed screen over the engine s air phthisis , placing radar-absorbing blankets on the fuselage covering the aircraft with a newly unquestionable anti-radar tonality . The circumscribed aircraft was designated the AQM-34 Ryan Firebee During operations , the Firebee is controlled from a DC-130 director aircraft and after(prenominal)wards flying on a mission , the UAV is directed to reco precise line of business previously plotted to be safe . The UAV is then picked up by helicopter after deploying its parachute to touch work ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004The Firebee continued to undertake reconnaissance and covert command missions during the Vietnam War and other part of atomic number 34 Asia as comfortably . The Firebee were further utilized in twenty-four hour period and nighttime superintendence and leaflet-dropping missions . One of the Firebee s most important surveillance operations is radar detection of surface-to-air missiles over join Vietnam and chinaware ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004 . Such function can be considered as one of the most important function in the security of the nation , the main closing of the arm forcesBecause of the Firebee s success rate of missions flown during the Vietnam War , UAVs further gained encounter and recognition among the military hierarchy . Military strategists recognize the UAVs versatility and were starting to look for other ways that the UAVs maximum potential could be utilized . Eventually , the Firebee was modified to grant payloads . It flew its first flight test as an armed UAV on declension . 20 , 2002 (Bone Bolkcom , 2003The advent of the Cold War emphasized the need for a more reliable high-quality reconnaissance images . In 1960 , Gary Powers flying his U-2 undercover agent plane was light transport down over Russia . The ensuant elicited uproar from the Russian governing body and generated an internationalistic crisis . The concomitant alike brought confusion to the US governance . The possibility convinced the Central cognition Agency that an unnerve celestial vehicle that is invulnerable to attack should be considered seriously ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004The administration tasked Lockheed to develop a high- revive ultra-stealth UAV . The result is the single D-21 UAV launched in 1965 The Mach 4 aircraft , the fastest so utmost developed for an UAV was carried on the back of a manned Lockheed M-12 aircraft . When released , the D-21 s maximum range is 3 ,000 miles and get goingd at a bloom of 80 ,000 feet . It was covered with tensile anti-radar surface developed as intumesce by Lockheed which is the precursor to the outmost splutter of the modern Lockheed F-117 larceny Fighter and B-2 Stealth poor boy . The D-21 honk proved to be disastrous . Three times it failed to complete a mission and its fourth flight resulted in a crash , sinking feeling at an undisclosed location Eventually , the D-21 enter was shelved ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004After the D-21 slaughter , an RC-121 converses monitor intuition aircraft was mutable down over the scandalmongering Sea . All of its cabal died in the crash . The cataclysm spurred the US military to develop new UAVs suited for communication theory monitoring intelligence which can fly at very high elevation and out of range of inimical missiles . Ryan Aero shipboard soldier bring ind the Ryan Special Purpose Aircraft or SPA 147 open of intercepting foe radio messages and take photographs above 60 ,000 feet . Such competency was deemed necessary to be able to detect any danger in flight . to gush , the SPA 147 was commensurate of flying for eight hours straight with a ccc-pound camera . It was the first UAV used for intelligence gathering at high altitude ( Timeline of UAVs 2004In the late 1970s and into the 1980s , the Israelis pioneered several UAVs that were used during operations in Lebanon in 1982 . Israel Aircraft Industries built the lookout man man , a piston-engine aircraft . The scout emitted low radar signature and is handsome in size making it to the highest degree unrealistic to be shot down . Several Scouts were used by Israel to link out Syrian missile sites by tricking them to set out their radars . Israeli bombers swooped in and done for(p) all the Syrian missile sites miss only two ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004Because of successful utilization by Israelis of the UAV technology , US observers were impress and eventually , joystick development of UAVs betwixt Israeli and US industries were conducted This excessively mark the modulation of the fall in States view of UAVs from experimental projects to eruditeness programs (Bone Bolkcom , 2003 The follow up again marked the need for the UAV technologyOne of the UAVs that the US government acquired from Israel is the originate . The lead up proved to be useful , providing useful intelligence at the tactical level during consummation Desert squeeze (Bone Bolkcom , 2003 . The purchase of 20 Pioneers by the US naval forces , nauticals and armament became the first niggling and chinchy light UAVs in the modern US military forces ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004 show 1 . The Pioneer and its partsSource (Pioneer UAV , 2002The Pioneer is a rocket-boosted UAV which takes off from runways on land or flight decks of aircraft carries . The Pioneer proved to be very effective in works with the US Air Force s Joint Surveillance calculate Attack radiolocation schemas . Its primary role is to confirm high-priority supple targets using the man-made aperture radar (SAR ) from other aircraft . The Pioneer is button up being used today some(prenominal) in Israel and in the join States ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004The mid-nineties ushered in the proliferation of UAV models that are more modern from their predecessors . Several countries have as tumesce produced their own UAVs either for flake or reconnaissance purposes . The unite States , after recognizing the importance of UAVs , has been in the forefront in the development of this technologyThe cardinal grosbeak 2001 is another Israeli innovation . It is remote controlled and can supply real time and highly accurate development regarding a wildfire s size , speed , perimeter and movement . US scientists are currently scrutiny the hangbird for use in fire management ( Timeline of UAVs , 2004 Figure 2 . A Firebird , one of the UAV innovationsSource (phosphate buffer solving , 2006Probably the most groundbreaking of all the UAVs in the US military inventory is the MQ-1 pirana . The MQ-1 caribe is a medium-altitude , long selection remote controlled aircraft . Its primary function is conducting armed reconnaissance against hostile targets . The MQ-1 s secondary mission is surveillance and target acquisition ( MQ-1 predatory animal faze transmitting visionary vehicle , 2005 . Due the advanced have gots of the system , it is already undefendable of a multitude of tasksFigure 3 : A Look internal the marauder : the placement of components and its think functions . Source (Valdes , 2006Legend celluloid Aperture radiolocation (SAR ) AntennaInertial Navigation System /GPSKu-Band air communication theory AntennaVideo Cassette RecGPS Antennas (Left and RightAPX-100 identification Friend or antagonist TransponderKu-Band Satellite communications sensor processor Modem multitudeC-Band Upper omnidirectional Antenna BracketForward discharge cubicle AssemblyAft Fuel Cell AssemblyAccessory talkEngine alter FanOil Cooler /Radiator914F EngineTail servo (Left and RightBattery Assembly 2Power SupplyBattery Assembly 1Aft Equipment Bay TraySecondary check off ModuleSynthetic Aperture microwave radar Processor /AGM-114 Electronics AssemblyPrimary see ModuleFront Bay Avionics TrayARC-210 pass receiver /TransmitterFlight detector UnitVideo EncoderDe-ice catchlerElectro-Optical /Infrared Sensor /AN /AAS-52 (V )1 Electronics AssemblyFront Bay Payload TrayIce DetectorSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR ) Receiver /TransmitterNose Camera AssemblyThe MQ-1 is controlled by a man miles away from the authentic theater of trash . The caribe has different variations such as the RQ-1 and the MQ-1 Hunter / slayer . The RQ-1 is the reconnaissance model of the piranha UAV render with the most sophisticated monitoring equipment available today . It can relay real-time image of enemy positions as healthful as enceinte deal and vehicle movements . With this kind of information , field commanders in the field of betrothal are afforded to drive fast and reliable decisions close the enemy ( How the piranha UAV integral caboodle , n .dFigure 4 . safe example shows a fully useable system inhabiting of four piranas , a ground control station that houses the pilots and sensor operators and the primary satellite-link communication suite text edition and Image from howstuffworks .com (2004Source (Valdes , 2006The Hunter / grampus strain is loaded with two hellfire missiles and MTS or the Multispectral calculateing System . The MTS includes the AGM-114 red region missile targeting system , infrared actinotherapy system , optical maser designator and laser illuminator . With all of these components , the operators of the predatory animal MQ-1 are provided with multiple ways to refuse on a target in any battle environment . This makes the Hunter /Killer a deadly automate fightingant capable of inflicting cock-a-hoop amount of the damage on enemy targets (Valdes , n .dThe caribe has been astray utilized in concert with manned encounter aircraft and to provide air support to ground forces in several US military campaigns in the halfway East . Control on the ground consist of practiced and support force out office with designated tasks and functions The full complement of 82 stave office is postulate for the whole system to run successfully . This unit can dish out the 4 aircraft for 24-hour surveillance within a 400-nautical-mile radius from the ground control station (Valdes , n .dThe piranas are under the eleventh , 15th and 17th reconnaissance Squadrons in Indian Springs Air Force Auxiliary topic in Nevada ( MQ-1 Predator Unmanned visionary Vehicle , 2005Another UAV that the US military developed is the spherical sky . The ball-shaped chew the fat provides Air Force and the sum commands in the battlefield near-real-time and high gag rule intelligence , surveillance and reconnaissance images . more(prenominal) than 15 ,000 images were provided by the Air Force for the joint commanders in support of Operation imperishable Freedom logging in more than 50 missions and 1 ,000 combat hours to date ( MQ-1 Predator Unmanned gossamer Vehicle , 2005The international deliver fly at very high altitudes and can survey large geographic areas with implausibly blast accuracy providing the most cutting-edge information and enemy dispositions and re kickoffs . representation parameters are programmed into the world(prenominal) tilt and the UAV can do everything autonomously from take off to land or remain in the air transmitting valuable images . The ground control squad monitors the UAV shape and can change sailing and sensor plans during flight ( MQ-1 Predator Unmanned ethereal Vehicle , 2005The globose haggle is capable of cruising at 340 knots and has a range as far as 12 ,000 nautical miles at an altitude of 65 ,000 feet . much than fifty percent of its components are of lightweight , high-strength multiform materials . The Global Hawk is capable of needlelike cloud formations because of its Synthetic Aperture Radar /Ground Moving Target Indicator and electro-optical and infrared sensors ( MQ-1 Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle , 2005 . In likeness with the earlier technology related to UAV , this can be considered as one of the advance technologiesA new reading of the Global Hawk is in development . It is called the button up 20 and touted to be capable of carrying fifty percent more payload compared to the original . The pile 20 is in any case being designed to accommodate new communications and sensors equipment to enhance its electrical capacity .Figure 5 . The prerequisite for operation and the physical appearance of the Global HawkSource (Pike , n .dThe US functional incision of plea in the government agency that is in charge of procurement and b oil tankers suit supervision of all remote-controlled feeler vehicles in the military . Currently , the plane section of defence chemical mechanism has five major UAVs under its command . These are the Air Force s Predator and Global Hawk , the Navy and shipboard soldier Corps Pioneer and the Army s Hunter and Shadow (Bone Bolkcom , 2003 . These are to be utilized for different objectives by the armed forcesToday , several countries somewhat the world have developed or are create their own UAVs for military and civilian purposes . The countries known to posses UAVs in their arsenal are chinaware , France Germany , Greece , India , Israel , Iran , Italy , Japan , Jordan , Pakistan South Africa , Russia , Switzerland , dud , join Kingdom and the United States ( Unmanned fairylike vehicle 2006The North Atlantic pact Organization also uses UAVs in their peacekeeping and intelligence operations . Among the countries that use UAVs , the United States has the most number of models in do as well as in the experimental stage any(prenominal) UAV models nearly the world are the WZ-2000 of the deal s body politic of China , the Top I tidy sum Casper 250 of Israel , the Sperwer of France , the Mheger 3 and 4 of Iran , the HAI Pegasus of Greece , the Global Hawk and Pioneer of the United States ( Unmanned light vehicle 2006 . The Predator and Pioneer UAV models are a joint program among the United States and IsraelThe formidable potential in stultification of effectiveness and live-saving advantages that UAVs are seen to deliver , countries around the world are pouring in more resources in money and technological investing in UAV-related programs . The purpose of this study is to determine the whether the UAVs will play an important part in the futurity of aero technology and how will the UAVs perform in comparison to modern day combat aircraftMethodologyThis study was performed by conducting extensive enquiry to produce at a justifiable conclusion in answering the main question of the .
The tec gathered legion(predicate) materials regarding the unmanned aerial vehicle , its early history beginning in the sum of the 1800s up to the present and its predictable role in the succeeding(a)There are a lot of material sources that was available to the tec that contributed to the success and the completion of this study Research materials that were available came from magazine and parole articles , books , journal and report articles and the net profitThe seeker also visited a number of libraries to peruse on the field of force to helper in the piece of music process . Some bookstores also served as sources of peachy reading materials for the questioner . The abundance of resources is fire which is why it became necessary for the interrogationer to focus only on a few materialsBecause of the large amount of resources and materials available regarding the study , the researcher decided to curb to use one to three major sources and other small(a) sources so as to make the more tight and concise . The materials that were used as basis for this study mostly came from research using the network . The cyberspace became the most viable source of material for the researcher because of its almost untrammelled database regarding the study . Another benefit that can be incurred in using the Internet as a source in the research project is the real time modify of the data and resourcesThe researcher also consulted interviews published on the Internet on military personnel department who have first-hand experiences on unmanned aerial vehicles . These interviews were partly contributing(prenominal) to the researcher s conclusion and recommendationThrough the methods applied and the actions undertaken through the course of the study , the goal of the research process was achieved in relation to the objective of the studyStudy ResultsBased on the collected data from different sources and materials used in this study , the unmanned aerial vehicle promises a great potential for the military in ground of aerial technology with less court . The main consideration in the potential of the UAV for application in the military is the fact that the group of developed aircraft covers a transformation of uses . In fact the UAV can be applied on various purposesThe application of the SUV covers the different aspects of application One of the groups acts as target and decoy . It can also function to provide ground artillery and to combat aircraft that can a target for enemy to initiate attack . This can give out the positions and the capability of the opposing group . Another function of the UAV is reconnaissance for intelligence to battlefield commanders . This will change the group to know the subsequent action in a war . Development in technology has developed a system that can generate real-time communication that even included images . After the study of the capability of the opposing forces , the function related to the combat is the next function of the UAV . This is in relation to the main goals of the developer , to be able to be applied in the military for national security . To able to further develop the technology on UAV , research and development of new innovation are undertaken . Observation can be made both on the trial flights duration further improvement can be seen in the practical application ( Unmanned aerial vehicle 2006The differences of the diversity and variety of the crap of the UAV can be observed in comparison with the aircraft that is widely being used . This is referred to as the modern day combat aircraft . The structure can be seen in the figureFigure 3 . The F-15 combat aircraft diagram . The F-15 has all the elements of a regular jet . The main difference lies in its twin engines .Source (Valdes , 2006Aside from diverse functions that can be attributed to the UAV , there are other benefits in the utilization of the technology . The utilization of the UAV can be deemed as an important technology in the armed forces due to the fact that the application and even the testing of pioneer and prototype modes does required the fraternity of a human pilot . This is due to the fact that the system can be operated remotely . In times of battle , the risking lives of the delegate pilots will not be necessary ( History of unmanned aerial vehicles , 2006In terms of the size , another important feature of the UAV is continuously decrease the size to be able to fun with ease and can avoid being try . Another function of this feature is the fact that although the UAV can be detected , there is a low probability that it can be a target of the enemy ( History of unmanned aerial vehicles , 2006Although the diversity of the functions of the UAV , the increasing strife and unease of the international community is paving the way to the concentration of the applications of the UAV technology to combat and battlesThat the UAV is gaining adoption not only from the military hierarchy but from enlisted personnel as well . Ground combat process who in the first place doubted the capability of UAVs are now more appreciative of its range This is upon the observation after witnessing the performance of Predators in action first-handThe technology is being appreciated by the different groups especially the military that are bound to utilize any further development of the system due to the different UAV that had been developed . The Pioneer in 1985 that can operate and let images to the control area is one of the important UAV . It has the capacity to observe a 185 klicks area . This busy technology is being utilized by the US Navy . The tactical UAV works on a real-time image relay . It works on a 200 kilometer area . Another is the Hunter (Joint tactical UAV . It is involved on a land and ocean group application in the military . It has 200 - 300 kilometer coverage (Pike , 2005The in vogue(p) development on the other hand includes the Medium indwelling elevation endurance UAV , which is also referred to as Predator . It is being used by the US Air Force since 1996 with euchre nautical miles capability Another is the High Altitude Endurance UAV or the Global Hawk (Pike 2005The most recent groups are the Tactical Control grade (TCS ) with communication links for supreme the TUAV , MAE-UAV , and other future tactical UAV s and communicate with C4I systems . The Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (MAV ) is a new project that is aimed to have very teensy-weensy aircrafts to perform the tasks (Pike , 2005Other result of the study that was conducted supports the notion of the presumptive major role that the UAV can occupy in the edict and the government . The UAV is the wave of the future in terms of modern air combat . The US subdivision of Defense is routine up plans specifically programmed for the growth of the UAVs . Several models are in the wrinkle with varying and grow rolesIn the comparative study of the UAV technology with the standardised combat plane revealed certain concepts . On of these benefits is having littler com molder programme . This is due to the fact that no human occupies the space . In relation to this , the production of such aircrafts can be cost effective . This can mean littler size and less cost incurred , thus , it can be considered as cost effective (Chang , Dixon , and Wickens , 2005Another benefit of the UAV over aircrafts that postulate a pilot is the fact that it can extend and work efficiently through a longer period of time . This can be explained by the needs of the pilot in terms of nourishment and other necessities . Man can leaping the performance of the aircraft thus , this is considered as one of the most important benefit that can be incurred from UAV . In addition , there is less danger for the pilot due to the fact that it is being controlled remotely and security is change magnitude (Chang , Dixon , and Wickens , 2005Another advantage of UAV over the aircraft that requires a pilot is the control that can be done from the station . Greater maneuvering is also possible without the man on board . This can also decrease the fatality of members of the Air Force (Chang , Dixon , and Wickens , 2005That the UAV can , in the future , replace manned combat aircraft Already , combat pilots are being shifted to flying UAVs . sign feedback from enlisted men has been favorableDiscussionSince the door of unmanned aerial vehicles in the modern environment , debates have sparked on whether which is more effective among the UAV and the manned combat aircraft . man manned combat aircraft have proven to be a reliable and effective weapon of war since fires perceive action in World War I , the tremendous potential of unmanned aircraft cannot be unheededInflicting great damage to the enemy while at the same time minimizing the risk of casualties and resources as much as possible is the main argument for the unmanned aerial vehicle . The musical theme of move attack aircraft piloted by aeronaut miles away from the actual combat into enemy strongholds and destroying targets with clearcutness accuracy is another argument in favor of UAVsPutting arguments excursus , the US government through the surgical incision of National Defense has put a premium on the future of unmanned aerial vehicles and has invested a lot to research and development as well as manufacture of these UAVsAs a result , investment in unmanned aerial vehicle projects has been increasing per annum . With more coin to invest in research and development , more forthcoming models are being developed by the military Some of these include the joint efforts between the Air Force and the Navy working(a) on an unmanned combat air vehicle , the Navy s vertical farce and landing UAV or VTUAV , the broad area maritime surveillance UAV and the Marine Corps flying lizard Eye and Dragon WarriorAs new designs are being developed , the UAV s role is becoming more and more complex and all-round(prenominal) . In the future , unmanned aerial vehicle designed for air-to-air combat is not unlikely . Already , the Department of Defense is experimenting on this role for the UAV pattern UAVs with sensors and weapons that are needed to conduct air-to-air missions are on the tableIn fact , there has been a report during the war on Iraq that a Predator engaged an Iraqi MiG combat aircraft . The Predator was able to launch its Stinger air-to-air missile before being shot down by the MiG Although the encounter resulted in the shooting down of the Predator the engagement proved to be significant . Aerial combat is often describe as the most contest for a manned aircraft which some reason out that a UAV cannot accomplish (Bone Bolkcom , 2003This bit of episode proved that with further development , the Predator or other unmanned aerial vehicle designed specifically for air-to-air combat is feasibleThe Department of Defense is also considering designing unmanned aerial vehicles capable of delivering 4 ,000 pounds of payload at an altitude of 70 ,000 feet . The role of these UAVs would be to serve as surveillance machines able to separate succeeding(prenominal) hostile missiles or aircraft . This idea is borne out of the phratry 11 terrorist attacks . To prevent hostile aircraft or missiles into the country , the defence mechanism is formulating a plan that will put UAVs specifically to billet these kinds of terror attacks It is hoped that by 2010 , an operational system would be in place and be put under the supervision of the Department of Homeland SecurityOther future designs for the UAV are being developed with its mission parameters primarily focused on offensive orientation such as striking and destroying enemy air defenses . Aside from unmanned aircraft designs the military is also development helicopters called the unmanned combat armed rotorcraftPredator innovations have also meliorate its attack capability by fitting it with more firepower in the form of eight hellfire missiles instead of only twoThere are also studies for UAVs to take on the role of aerial fuel commonly performed by KC-10 and KC-135 oiler aircraft . Some planners believe that unmanned aircraft is suitable for this kind of taskOn the personnel side , UAVs are gaining the credenza of enlisted personnel with varying degrees of laudation . Based on the reactions of personnel tasked to operate UAVs , many are cheery with the performance of these aircraft . Some crew is elated to be working for such an advanced type of technology and in ingenuousness participate in combat while sitting at the relative safety of their command vehiclesInitial problems encountered regarding the personnel is persuading pilots of combat aircraft such as the F-15 and other attack aircraft to shift to flying the Predator . The Air Force leading is making efforts to encourage these pilots to navigation UAVsThe rapid advance of technology and the endless possibilities available make the UAV s role for the future more importantConclusionFrom the results of this study , it is clear that the future of the UAV as an all-around combat vehicle is a incident . With more research and technological advances , it is possible that the UAV may well replace manned combat aircraft in the futureThe advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle against manned combat aircraft are numerous . front , UAVs cost less to produce than a manned combat aircraft . Second is the risk of being shot down . If a UAV is shot down , the military can just put together another one and be ready to fly in just proceeding while if a manned combat aircraft is shot down , the risk of the pilot being killed and /or captured is high . With combat UAVs , casualties in war could be reduced tremendously . in any case , the government can save a lot from training future manned combat aircraft pilots . The present roster of pilots can be convinced to become UAV aviators with just the right indigence and encouragementRecommendationThe study recommends that further development of the UAV be continued The advantages that the particular technology can bring about can be essential for future application and utilization . It is also recommended that the most advance technology be applied to the programs involved in developing these UAVs . In such case , the safety and security in its application can be achieved though in-depth research using the most advanced machinery and techniquesThe advantages that UAVs could deliver cannot be ignored so it is important that all the government agencies involved work together to ensure the success of all UAV-related programs . Also , the public needs vigilance to be able to direct the agencies involve in the development of the technology in cases wherein objective change from the main goal of securing the nationReferencesBone , E Bolkcom , C (2003 . Unmanned Aerial Vehicles : Issues and Background for Congress . Retrieved on rarified 24 , 2006 , from http / web .fas .org /irp /crsRL31872 .pdfChang , D , Dixon , S . and Wickens , C (2005 . Mission Control of denary Unmanned Aerial Vehicles : A Workload Analysis . human race Factors , 47 (3 , 479 History of unmanned aerial vehicles . Wikipedia Website . Retrieved on cowardly 24 , 2006 fromhttp /en .wikipedia .org /wiki /History_of_unmanned_aerial_vehiclesHughes , T .P (1993 . Elmer Sperry : Inventor and Engineer (Johns Hopkins Studies in theHistory of Technology . The Johns Hopkins University Press offprint edition MQ-1 Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle . Af .mil .com . Retrieved on haughty 26 , 2006 from http /network .af .mil /factsheets /factsheet .asp ?id 122PBS (2006 . Firebird . PBS Website . Retrieved on overbearing 29 , 2006 from http / entanglement .pbs .org /wgbh /nova /spiesfly /uavs_15 .htmlPike , J (2005 . RQ-4A Global Hawk (Tier II HAE UAV . FAS Website . Retrieved on August 29 , 2006 from http / web .fas .org /irp /program /collect /global_hawk .htmPioneer UAV (2002 . PUAV Website . Retrieved on August 29 , 2006 from http /www .puav .com / national .asp Remote Piloted Aerial Vehicles : An Anthology . Monash .edu Retrieved on August 23 , 2006 from http /www .ctie .monash .edu .au /hargrave /rpav_home .html Timeline of UAVs . phosphate buffer root .org . Retrieved on August 25 , 2006 from http /www .pbs .org /wgbh /nova /wartech /uavs .html Unmanned aerial vehicles . Wikipedia .org . Retrieved on August 23 2006 from http /en .wikipedia .org /wiki /Unmanned_aerial_vehicleValdes , R (2006 . How the Predator UAV flora . How Stuff Works Website . Retrieved on August 26 , 2006 from http /science .howstuffworks .com /predator .htmPAGEPAGE 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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